本文目录导读：
我来分享一个实用的自动登录脚本,使用Python编写，通过保存和自动填充凭证来省去重复输入密码的麻烦。
基础版：文件存储的自动登录脚本
import json
import os
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from cryptography.fernet import Fernet
import base64
import getpass
class AutoLogin:
def __init__(self, config_file='login_config.json'):
self.config_file = config_file
self.key_file = 'secret.key'
self.load_or_create_key()
def load_or_create_key(self):
"""加载或创建加密密钥"""
if os.path.exists(self.key_file):
with open(self.key_file, 'rb') as f:
self.key = f.read()
else:
self.key = Fernet.generate_key()
with open(self.key_file, 'wb') as f:
f.write(self.key)
self.cipher = Fernet(self.key)
def encrypt_password(self, password):
"""加密密码"""
return self.cipher.encrypt(password.encode()).decode()
def decrypt_password(self, encrypted_password):
"""解密密码"""
return self.cipher.decrypt(encrypted_password.encode()).decode()
def save_credentials(self, url, username, password):
"""保存登录凭证"""
credentials = {
url: {
'username': username,
'password': self.encrypt_password(password)
}
}
# 读取现有配置
existing = {}
if os.path.exists(self.config_file):
with open(self.config_file, 'r') as f:
existing = json.load(f)
# 更新并保存
existing.update(credentials)
with open(self.config_file, 'w') as f:
json.dump(existing, f, indent=2)
print(f"✅ 登录凭证已保存到 {self.config_file}")
def get_saved_credentials(self, url):
"""获取已保存的凭证"""
if not os.path.exists(self.config_file):
return None, None
with open(self.config_file, 'r') as f:
credentials = json.load(f)
if url in credentials:
username = credentials[url]['username']
password = self.decrypt_password(credentials[url]['password'])
return username, password
return None, None
def auto_login(self, url, username_field_id='username',
password_field_id='password', login_button_id='login'):
"""自动登录"""
# 获取保存的凭证
saved_username, saved_password = self.get_saved_credentials(url)
if saved_username and saved_password:
print("🔑 找到已保存的登录凭证...")
username = saved_username
password = saved_password
else:
print("📝 未找到凭证，请手动输入...")
# 获取用户输入
username = input("请输入用户名/邮箱: ")
password = getpass.getpass("请输入密码: ")
# 询问是否保存
save_choice = input("是否保存登录凭证？(y/n): ").lower()
if save_choice == 'y':
self.save_credentials(url, username, password)
# 启动浏览器
print("🚀 启动浏览器...")
driver = webdriver.Chrome() # 需要安装chromedriver
driver.get(url)
try:
# 等待页面加载
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, username_field_id))
)
# 填充表单
username_field = driver.find_element(By.ID, username_field_id)
password_field = driver.find_element(By.ID, password_field_id)
username_field.clear()
username_field.send_keys(username)
password_field.clear()
password_field.send_keys(password)
# 点击登录按钮
login_button = driver.find_element(By.ID, login_button_id)
login_button.click()
print("✅ 登录成功！")
return driver
except Exception as e:
print(f"❌ 登录失败: {str(e)}")
driver.quit()
return None
# 使用示例
if __name__ == "__main__":
# 创建自动登录实例
auto_login = AutoLogin()
# 登录示例
driver = auto_login.auto_login(
url="https://example.com/login",
username_field_id="username",
password_field_id="password",
login_button_id="submit"
)
# 保持浏览器打开一段时间
if driver:
time.sleep(30)
driver.quit()
进阶版：浏览器保存密码的脚本
import pickle
import os
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
class BrowserAutoLogin:
def __init__(self):
self.cookies_file = 'cookies.pkl'
self.profile_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'chrome_profile')
def create_driver_with_profile(self):
"""创建带有用户数据目录的浏览器"""
chrome_options = Options()
# 使用自定义用户数据目录
if not os.path.exists(self.profile_path):
os.makedirs(self.profile_path)
chrome_options.add_argument(f'user-data-dir={self.profile_path}')
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-blink-features=AutomationControlled')
return webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
def save_cookies(self, driver, url):
"""保存cookies"""
cookies = driver.get_cookies()
with open(self.cookies_file, 'wb') as f:
pickle.dump(cookies, f)
print(f"💾 已保存 {len(cookies)} 个cookies")
def load_cookies(self, driver, url):
"""加载cookies"""
if not os.path.exists(self.cookies_file):
return False
with open(self.cookies_file, 'rb') as f:
cookies = pickle.load(f)
driver.get(url)
for cookie in cookies:
driver.add_cookie(cookie)
driver.refresh()
print(f"📋 已加载 {len(cookies)} 个cookies")
return True
def auto_login_with_cookies(self, url, login_url=None):
"""使用cookies自动登录"""
driver = self.create_driver_with_profile()
# 尝试加载已保存的cookies
if self.load_cookies(driver, url):
print("✅ 使用cookies自动登录成功！")
return driver
# 如果没有cookies，手动登录并保存
if login_url:
print("🔑 需要手动登录一次...")
driver.get(login_url)
input("请在浏览器中完成登录，然后按Enter键继续...")
# 保存cookies
self.save_cookies(driver, url)
print("✅ Cookies已保存，下次将自动登录！")
return driver
else:
print("❌ 未找到cookies且未提供登录URL")
driver.quit()
return None
# 使用示例
if __name__ == "__main__":
# 使用浏览器自动登录
auto_login = BrowserAutoLogin()
# 自动登录
driver = auto_login.auto_login_with_cookies(
url="https://example.com/dashboard",
login_url="https://example.com/login"
)
if driver:
input("按Enter键退出...")
driver.quit()
配置文件模板
{
"https://example.com": {
"username": "user@example.com",
"password": "gAAAAABn..." # 加密后的密码
},
"https://another-site.com": {
"username": "another_user",
"password": "gAAAAABm..."
}
}
安装依赖
pip install selenium cryptography
注意事项
- 安全性：密码加密存储，主密钥在本地
- 兼容性：需要安装对应浏览器的WebDriver
- 隐私保护：建议定期更换主密钥
- 错误处理：添加了基本的异常处理
使用场景
- 网站每天登录
- 内部系统登录
- 测试环境自动登录
- 批量账号管理
这个脚本可以根据你的具体需求进行定制,比如添加GUI界面、支持多账号切换等功能。
