本文目录导读：
- Python 脚本（最灵活）
- Bash 脚本（Linux/Mac）
- PowerShell 脚本（Windows）
- 配置文件示例（structure.json）
- 文件夹列表文件（folders.txt）
- 使用方法：
我来帮你生成一个批量创建文件夹结构的脚本,以下是几种常用方式：
Python 脚本（最灵活）
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
批量生成文件夹结构脚本
支持自定义层级结构，自动创建嵌套文件夹
"""
import os
import json
from pathlib import Path
from datetime import datetime
class FolderGenerator:
def __init__(self, base_path="."):
"""
初始化文件夹生成器
:param base_path: 基础路径，默认为当前目录
"""
self.base_path = Path(base_path)
self.created_folders = []
self.log_file = None
def create_folder_structure(self, structure_dict):
"""
根据字典结构创建文件夹
:param structure_dict: 文件夹结构字典，
{
"项目名称": {
"docs": {},
"src": {
"components": {},
"utils": {}
},
"tests": {}
}
}
"""
for folder_name, sub_structure in structure_dict.items():
self._create_recursive(folder_name, sub_structure)
self._log_results()
def _create_recursive(self, folder_path, sub_structure):
"""递归创建文件夹"""
full_path = self.base_path / folder_path
if not full_path.exists():
full_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
self.created_folders.append(str(full_path))
print(f"✅ 创建: {full_path}")
# 递归创建子文件夹
if isinstance(sub_structure, dict):
for sub_name, sub_content in sub_structure.items():
sub_path = f"{folder_path}/{sub_name}"
self._create_recursive(sub_path, sub_content)
def create_from_json(self, json_file):
"""从JSON文件读取结构创建"""
with open(json_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
structure = json.load(f)
self.create_folder_structure(structure)
def create_default_project(self, project_name, include_git=False):
"""创建默认的项目结构"""
default_structure = {
project_name: {
"src": {
"components": {},
"utils": {},
"assets": {},
"styles": {},
"templates": {}
},
"docs": {},
"tests": {},
"config": {},
"scripts": {}
}
}
self.create_folder_structure(default_structure)
if include_git:
gitignore_content = """# Python
__pycache__/
*.py[cod]
*.so
# Node
node_modules/
dist/
build/
# IDE
.idea/
.vscode/
*.swp
# 系统文件
.DS_Store
Thumbs.db
# 环境变量
.env
.env.local
"""
gitignore_path = self.base_path / project_name / ".gitignore"
gitignore_path.write_text(gitignore_content, encoding='utf-8')
print(f"✅ 创建: .gitignore")
readme_content = f"# {project_name}\n\n项目说明文档\n"
readme_path = self.base_path / project_name / "README.md"
readme_path.write_text(readme_content, encoding='utf-8')
print(f"✅ 创建: README.md")
def create_bulk_directories(self, folder_names, location="."):
"""批量创建同级文件夹"""
target_path = self.base_path / location
for name in folder_names:
folder_path = target_path / name
folder_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
self.created_folders.append(str(folder_path))
print(f"✅ 创建: {folder_path}")
self._log_results()
def _log_results(self):
"""记录创建日志"""
timestamp = datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
log_file = self.base_path / f"folder_structure_log_{timestamp}.txt"
with open(log_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write(f"文件夹创建日志 - {datetime.now()}\n")
f.write("=" * 50 + "\n\n")
f.write(f"共创建 {len(self.created_folders)} 个文件夹:\n\n")
for folder in self.created_folders:
f.write(f"- {folder}\n")
print(f"\n📄 日志已保存: {log_file}")
# 使用示例
if __name__ == "__main__":
# 创建实例
generator = FolderGenerator("./output")
# 方式1: 创建默认项目结构
# generator.create_default_project("my_project", include_git=True)
# 方式2: 自定义结构
custom_structure = {
"web_project": {
"frontend": {
"src": {
"components": {},
"pages": {},
"assets": {},
"router": {}
},
"public": {},
"tests": {}
},
"backend": {
"api": {},
"models": {},
"services": {},
"middlewares": {}
},
"database": {
"migrations": {},
"seeds": {},
"backups": {}
},
"deployment": {
"docker": {},
"nginx": {},
"scripts": {}
}
}
}
generator.create_folder_structure(custom_structure)
# 方式3: 批量创建同级文件夹
# folder_names = ["images", "videos", "documents", "archives", "temp"]
# generator.create_bulk_directories(folder_names, "files")
# 方式4: 从JSON文件读取
# generator.create_from_json("structure.json")
Bash 脚本（Linux/Mac）
#!/bin/bash
# batch_create_folders.sh
# 批量创建文件夹结构
set -e # 遇到错误立即退出
# 颜色输出
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
RED='\033[0;31m'
NC='\033[0m' # No Color
# 日志文件
LOG_FILE="folder_creation_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).log"
# 创建文件夹函数
create_dirs() {
local path=$1
if [ ! -d "$path" ]; then
mkdir -p "$path"
echo "✅ 创建: $path" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
else
echo "⏭️ 已存在: $path"
fi
}
# 创建多级目录
create_nested_dirs() {
local base_dir=$1
shift
local dirs=("$@")
for dir in "${dirs[@]}"; do
create_dirs "$base_dir/$dir"
done
}
# 菜单选择
show_menu() {
echo "请选择创建方式:"
echo "1) 创建项目结构"
echo "2) 创建日期文件夹"
echo "3) 自定义嵌套结构"
echo "4) 从文件读取列表"
echo "5) 退出"
}
# 创建日期文件夹
create_dated_folders() {
local base_date_dir=$1
local years=5
for i in $(seq 0 $((years-1))); do
year=$(( $(date +%Y) - i ))
for month in {01..12}; do
create_dirs "$base_date_dir/$year/$month"
done
done
}
# 主函数
main() {
echo "🚀 批量文件夹创建工具"
echo "======================"
while true; do
show_menu
read -p "请输入选项 (1-5): " choice
case $choice in
1)
echo "创建项目结构..."
project_name="demo_project"
create_nested_dirs "$project_name" "docs" "src/components" "src/utils" "src/assets" "tests" "config" "scripts"
echo -e "${GREEN}✅ 项目结构创建完成${NC}"
;;
2)
echo "创建日期文件夹..."
create_dated_folders "archive"
echo -e "${GREEN}✅ 日期文件夹创建完成${NC}"
;;
3)
echo "自定义嵌套结构（用空格分隔）:"
echo "示例: src/components src/utils src/assets tests"
read -p "输入目录结构: " custom_dirs
read -p "基础目录名: " base_dir
create_nested_dirs "$base_dir" $custom_dirs
;;
4)
echo "从文件读取文件夹列表..."
echo "请创建 folders.txt 文件，每行一个路径"
if [ -f "folders.txt" ]; then
while IFS= read -r folder; do
if [ -n "$folder" ]; then # 跳过空行
create_dirs "$folder"
fi
done < "folders.txt"
else
echo -e "${RED}未找到 folders.txt 文件${NC}"
fi
;;
5)
echo "👋 再见！"
break
;;
*)
echo -e "${RED}无效的选项${NC}"
;;
esac
done
echo -e "${GREEN}日志已保存到: $LOG_FILE${NC}"
}
main
PowerShell 脚本（Windows）
# batch_create_folders.ps1
# Windows PowerShell 批量创建文件夹脚本
<#
.SYNOPSIS
批量创建文件夹结构脚本
.DESCRIPTION
支持多种方式的文件夹结构创建
#>
# 设置编码
[Console]::OutputEncoding = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8
# 日志函数
function Write-Log {
param([string]$Message, [string]$Type = "INFO")
$time = Get-Date -Format "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
$logMessage = "[$time] [$Type] $Message"
Write-Host $logMessage
Add-Content -Path $script:LogFile -Value $logMessage
}
# 创建文件夹函数
function New-FolderStructure {
param(
[string]$BasePath = ".",
[string[]]$FolderList
)
foreach ($folder in $FolderList) {
$fullPath = Join-Path $BasePath $folder
if (-not (Test-Path $fullPath)) {
New-Item -Path $fullPath -ItemType Directory -Force | Out-Null
Write-Log "创建: $fullPath" "OK"
} else {
Write-Log "已存在: $fullPath" "SKIP"
}
}
}
# 创建日期文件夹
function New-DatedFolders {
param(
[string]$BasePath = "archive",
[int]$Years = 5
)
$currentYear = Get-Date -Format "yyyy"
for ($i = 0; $i -lt $Years; $i++) {
$year = [int]$currentYear - $i
for ($month = 1; $month -le 12; $month++) {
$monthStr = "{0:D2}" -f $month
$path = "$BasePath/$year/$monthStr"
New-FolderStructure -BasePath $path -FolderList @()
}
}
}
# 创建项目结构
function New-ProjectStructure {
param([string]$ProjectName)
$folders = @(
"src/components",
"src/utils",
"src/assets",
"src/styles",
"docs",
"tests",
"config",
"scripts",
"public"
)
New-FolderStructure -BasePath $ProjectName -FolderList $folders
# 创建.gitignore
$gitignore = @"
# Python
__pycache__/
*.py[cod]
# Node
node_modules/
dist/
# IDE
.idea/
.vscode/
"@
Set-Content -Path "$ProjectName/.gitignore" -Value $gitignore -Encoding UTF8
Write-Log "创建 .gitignore" "OK"
}
# 从文件读取文件夹列表
function Read-FolderListFile {
param([string]$FilePath = "folders.txt")
if (Test-Path $FilePath) {
$folders = Get-Content $FilePath
New-FolderStructure -BasePath "." -FolderList $folders
} else {
Write-Log "未找到文件: $FilePath" "ERROR"
}
}
# 主菜单
function Show-Menu {
Clear-Host
Write-Host "`n=== 批量文件夹创建工具 ===" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host "1. 创建项目结构"
Write-Host "2. 创建日期文件夹"
Write-Host "3. 自定义创建"
Write-Host "4. 从文件读取"
Write-Host "5. 退出"
Write-Host "=========================`n"
}
# 自定义创建
function Custom-Create {
Write-Host "输入文件夹列表（用逗号分隔）:" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Write-Host " src/components,src/utils,tests,docs"
$input = Read-Host "文件夹列表"
$folderList = $input -split "," | Where-Object { $_.Trim() -ne "" }
New-FolderStructure -BasePath "." -FolderList $folderList
}
# 主程序
$script:LogFile = "folder_creation_$(Get-Date -Format 'yyyyMMdd_HHmmss').log"
# 清理旧的日志
if (Test-Path $LogFile) { Remove-Item $LogFile }
while ($true) {
Show-Menu
$choice = Read-Host "请选择选项"
switch ($choice) {
"1" {
$projectName = Read-Host "输入项目名称"
New-ProjectStructure -ProjectName $projectName
Write-Host "✅ 项目结构创建完成" -ForegroundColor Green
}
"2" {
New-DatedFolders
Write-Host "✅ 日期文件夹创建完成" -ForegroundColor Green
}
"3" {
Custom-Create
Write-Host "✅ 自定义文件夹创建完成" -ForegroundColor Green
}
"4" {
$filePath = Read-Host "输入文件夹列表文件路径 (默认: folders.txt)"
if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($filePath)) { $filePath = "folders.txt" }
Read-FolderListFile -FilePath $filePath
Write-Host "✅ 从文件创建完成" -ForegroundColor Green
}
"5" {
Write-Host "👋 再见！" -ForegroundColor Cyan
break
}
default {
Write-Host "❌ 无效选项" -ForegroundColor Red
}
}
if ($choice -ne "5") {
Write-Host "`n按任意键继续..." -ForegroundColor Gray
$null = Read-Host
}
}
Write-Host "日志已保存至: $LogFile" -ForegroundColor Yellow
配置文件示例（structure.json）
{
"project_name": {
"src": {
"components": {},
"pages": {},
"utils": {},
"assets": {
"images": {},
"fonts": {},
"icons": {}
},
"styles": {},
"templates": {}
},
"public": {},
"docs": {
"api": {},
"guide": {}
},
"tests": {
"unit": {},
"integration": {},
"e2e": {}
},
"config": {
"development": {},
"production": {},
"test": {}
},
"scripts": {},
"database": {
"migrations": {},
"seeds": {}
}
}
}
文件夹列表文件（folders.txt）
2024/01
2024/02
2024/03
projects/web/src/components
projects/web/src/utils
projects/mobile/android
projects/mobile/ios
backup/2024
backup/2023
docs/api
docs/manual使用方法：
Python 脚本：
# 运行简单示例 python3 folder_generator.py # 从JSON文件创建 python3 folder_generator.py structure.json
Bash 脚本：
# 添加执行权限 chmod +x batch_create_folders.sh # 运行 ./batch_create_folders.sh
PowerShell 脚本：
# 允许执行脚本（管理员权限） Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned # 运行 .\batch_create_folders.ps1
选择适合你需求的脚本,直接复制使用即可！
