本文目录导读：
我来为您提供一个完整的Java文档转换案例,涵盖常见的文档格式转换场景。
项目依赖配置 (pom.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>document-converter</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Apache POI - Word/Excel/PowerPoint -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>5.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>5.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- iText - PDF处理 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.itextpdf</groupId>
<artifactId>itext7-core</artifactId>
<version>7.2.5</version>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
<!-- OpenPDF - 轻量PDF库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.librepdf</groupId>
<artifactId>openpdf</artifactId>
<version>1.3.30</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Apache Commons IO -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.11.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Log4j2 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>2.20.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
<version>2.20.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.28</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
文档转换工具类
package com.example.converter;
import com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.PdfDocument;
import com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.PdfWriter;
import com.itextpdf.layout.Document;
import com.itextpdf.layout.element.Paragraph;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.converter.pdf.PdfConverter;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.converter.pdf.PdfOptions;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFRun;
import java.io.*;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 文档转换工具类
* 支持Word、PDF、TXT等格式转换
*/
public class DocumentConverter {
private static final org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger logger =
org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(DocumentConverter.class);
/**
* Word转PDF（使用POI和iText）
*/
public static void wordToPdf(String wordPath, String pdfPath) {
try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(wordPath);
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(pdfPath)) {
// 加载Word文档
XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(fis);
// 创建PDF文档
PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(fos);
PdfDocument pdf = new PdfDocument(writer);
Document pdfDocument = new Document(pdf);
// 遍历Word段落并转换
List<XWPFParagraph> paragraphs = document.getParagraphs();
for (XWPFParagraph paragraph : paragraphs) {
StringBuilder lineText = new StringBuilder();
for (XWPFRun run : paragraph.getRuns()) {
lineText.append(run.text());
}
if (lineText.length() > 0) {
pdfDocument.add(new Paragraph(lineText.toString()));
}
}
pdfDocument.close();
document.close();
logger.info("Word转PDF成功: {}", pdfPath);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("Word转PDF失败", e);
throw new RuntimeException("Word转PDF失败", e);
}
}
/**
* Word转PDF（使用POI XWPF converter）
*/
public static void wordToPdfWithConverter(String wordPath, String pdfPath) {
try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(wordPath);
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(pdfPath)) {
XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(fis);
PdfOptions options = PdfOptions.create();
PdfConverter.getInstance().convert(document, fos, options);
document.close();
logger.info("Word转PDF成功(Converter): {}", pdfPath);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("Word转PDF失败(Converter)", e);
throw new RuntimeException("Word转PDF失败", e);
}
}
/**
* PDF转TXT
*/
public static void pdfToTxt(String pdfPath, String txtPath) {
try {
com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.PdfDocument pdfDoc =
new com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.PdfDocument(
new com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.PdfReader(pdfPath));
StringBuilder text = new StringBuilder();
int pages = pdfDoc.getNumberOfPages();
for (int i = 1; i <= pages; i++) {
com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.PdfPage page = pdfDoc.getPage(i);
com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.canvas.parser.PdfTextExtractor
.getTextFromPage(page,
new com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.canvas.parser.listener.SimpleTextExtractionStrategy());
// 使用PDFBox或iText的extractor
String pageText = com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.canvas.parser.PdfTextExtractor
.getTextFromPage(page, new com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.canvas.parser.listener.SimpleTextExtractionStrategy());
text.append(pageText);
text.append("\n");
}
// 写入TXT文件
try (FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(txtPath, StandardCharsets.UTF_8)) {
writer.write(text.toString());
}
pdfDoc.close();
logger.info("PDF转TXT成功: {}", txtPath);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("PDF转TXT失败", e);
throw new RuntimeException("PDF转TXT失败", e);
}
}
/**
* TXT转Word
*/
public static void txtToWord(String txtPath, String wordPath) {
try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(txtPath), StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(wordPath)) {
// 创建Word文档
XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument();
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
// 创建段落
XWPFParagraph paragraph = document.createParagraph();
XWPFRun run = paragraph.createRun();
run.setText(line);
}
// 保存文档
document.write(fos);
document.close();
logger.info("TXT转Word成功: {}", wordPath);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("TXT转Word失败", e);
throw new RuntimeException("TXT转Word失败", e);
}
}
/**
* HTML转PDF
*/
public static void htmlToPdf(String htmlPath, String pdfPath) {
try {
// 读取HTML内容
String htmlContent = new String(
java.nio.file.Files.readAllBytes(java.nio.file.Paths.get(htmlPath)),
StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
// 创建PDF文档
PdfWriter writer = new PdfWriter(pdfPath);
PdfDocument pdfDoc = new PdfDocument(writer);
Document document = new Document(pdfDoc);
// 简单解析HTML（这里使用简单文本提取，实际应使用更复杂的HTML解析器）
String plainText = htmlContent
.replaceAll("<[^>]*>", "") // 移除HTML标签
.replaceAll(" ", " ") // 替换空格
.replaceAll("&", "&") // 替换&符号
.trim();
// 分割成段落
String[] paragraphs = plainText.split("\\n+");
for (String paragraph : paragraphs) {
if (!paragraph.trim().isEmpty()) {
document.add(new Paragraph(paragraph.trim()));
}
}
document.close();
logger.info("HTML转PDF成功: {}", pdfPath);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("HTML转PDF失败", e);
throw new RuntimeException("HTML转PDF失败", e);
}
}
/**
* 批量转换目录下的所有文档
*/
public static void batchConvert(String sourceDir, String targetDir, String fromFormat, String toFormat) {
File sourceDirectory = new File(sourceDir);
File[] files = sourceDirectory.listFiles((dir, name) -> name.endsWith("." + fromFormat));
if (files == null || files.length == 0) {
logger.warn("没有找到{}格式的文件", fromFormat);
return;
}
File targetDirectory = new File(targetDir);
if (!targetDirectory.exists()) {
targetDirectory.mkdirs();
}
for (File file : files) {
String fileName = file.getName().replaceFirst("[.][^.]+$", "");
String sourcePath = file.getAbsolutePath();
String targetPath = targetDir + File.separator + fileName + "." + toFormat;
try {
switch (fromFormat.toLowerCase() + "2" + toFormat.toLowerCase()) {
case "docx2pdf":
case "word2pdf":
wordToPdfWithConverter(sourcePath, targetPath);
break;
case "pdf2txt":
pdfToTxt(sourcePath, targetPath);
break;
case "txt2docx":
txtToWord(sourcePath, targetPath);
break;
case "html2pdf":
htmlToPdf(sourcePath, targetPath);
break;
default:
logger.warn("不支持的转换格式: {} -> {}", fromFormat, toFormat);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("转换文件失败: {}", file.getName(), e);
}
}
}
}
Excel文档处理示例
package com.example.converter;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFRun;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFTable;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFTableRow;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Excel文档处理类
*/
public class ExcelConverter {
private static final org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger logger =
org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(ExcelConverter.class);
/**
* Excel转Word
*/
public static void excelToWord(String excelPath, String wordPath) {
try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(excelPath);
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(wordPath)) {
// 读取Excel
Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fis);
// 创建Word
XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument();
// 遍历所有工作表
for (int i = 0; i < workbook.getNumberOfSheets(); i++) {
Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(i);
// 添加工作表名称作为标题
XWPFParagraph titlePara = document.createParagraph();
XWPFRun titleRun = titlePara.createRun();
titleRun.setText("工作表: " + sheet.getSheetName());
titleRun.setBold(true);
titleRun.setFontSize(14);
// 创建表格
int rows = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();
int cols = getMaxColumns(sheet);
if (rows > 0 && cols > 0) {
XWPFTable table = document.createTable(rows, cols);
// 遍历行和列
for (int r = 0; r < rows; r++) {
Row excelRow = sheet.getRow(r);
XWPFTableRow wordRow = table.getRow(r);
for (int c = 0; c < cols; c++) {
Cell excelCell = excelRow != null ? excelRow.getCell(c) : null;
String cellText = "";
if (excelCell != null) {
switch (excelCell.getCellType()) {
case STRING:
cellText = excelCell.getStringCellValue();
break;
case NUMERIC:
cellText = String.valueOf(excelCell.getNumericCellValue());
break;
case BOOLEAN:
cellText = String.valueOf(excelCell.getBooleanCellValue());
break;
default:
cellText = "";
}
}
// 设置Word表格单元格内容
org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFTableCell tableCell =
wordRow.getCell(c);
tableCell.setText(cellText);
}
}
}
// 添加空行分隔工作表
if (i < workbook.getNumberOfSheets() - 1) {
document.createParagraph();
}
}
// 保存文档
document.write(fos);
workbook.close();
document.close();
logger.info("Excel转Word成功: {}", wordPath);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("Excel转Word失败", e);
throw new RuntimeException("Excel转Word失败", e);
}
}
private static int getMaxColumns(Sheet sheet) {
int maxCols = 0;
for (Row row : sheet) {
if (row.getLastCellNum() > maxCols) {
maxCols = row.getLastCellNum();
}
}
return maxCols;
}
/**
* Excel转PDF
*/
public static void excelToPdf(String excelPath, String pdfPath) {
List<List<String>> data = readExcelData(excelPath);
String[][] arrayData = new String[data.size()][];
for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) {
List<String> row = data.get(i);
arrayData[i] = row.toArray(new String[0]);
}
try {
com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.PdfWriter writer =
new com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.PdfWriter(pdfPath);
com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.PdfDocument pdfDoc =
new com.itextpdf.kernel.pdf.PdfDocument(writer);
com.itextpdf.layout.Document document =
new com.itextpdf.layout.Document(pdfDoc);
// 创建表格
if (arrayData.length > 0 && arrayData[0].length > 0) {
float[] columnWidths = new float[arrayData[0].length];
for (int i = 0; i < columnWidths.length; i++) {
columnWidths[i] = 100f;
}
com.itextpdf.layout.element.Table table =
new com.itextpdf.layout.element.Table(columnWidths);
// 添加数据
for (String[] rowData : arrayData) {
for (String cellData : rowData) {
table.addCell(new com.itextpdf.layout.element.Cell()
.add(new com.itextpdf.layout.element.Paragraph(cellData != null ? cellData : "")));
}
}
document.add(table);
}
document.close();
logger.info("Excel转PDF成功: {}", pdfPath);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("Excel转PDF失败", e);
throw new RuntimeException("Excel转PDF失败", e);
}
}
private static List<List<String>> readExcelData(String excelPath) {
List<List<String>> data = new ArrayList<>();
try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(excelPath)) {
Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fis);
Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0); // 读取第一个工作表
for (Row row : sheet) {
List<String> rowData = new ArrayList<>();
for (Cell cell : row) {
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
case STRING:
rowData.add(cell.getStringCellValue());
break;
case NUMERIC:
rowData.add(String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue()));
break;
case BOOLEAN:
rowData.add(String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue()));
break;
default:
rowData.add("");
}
}
data.add(rowData);
}
workbook.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("读取Excel失败", e);
throw new RuntimeException("读取Excel失败", e);
}
return data;
}
}
主程序示例
package com.example;
import com.example.converter.DocumentConverter;
import com.example.converter.ExcelConverter;
/**
* 文档转换演示主程序
*/
public class Main {
private static final org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger logger =
org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(Main.class);
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// 示例1: Word转PDF
System.out.println("=== 测试 Word 转 PDF ===");
DocumentConverter.wordToPdf(
"input/sample.docx",
"output/sample.pdf"
);
// 示例2: PDF转TXT
System.out.println("=== 测试 PDF 转 TXT ===");
DocumentConverter.pdfToTxt(
"input/sample.pdf",
"output/sample.txt"
);
// 示例3: TXT转Word
System.out.println("=== 测试 TXT 转 Word ===");
DocumentConverter.txtToWord(
"input/sample.txt",
"output/sample.docx"
);
// 示例4: Excel转Word
System.out.println("=== 测试 Excel 转 Word ===");
ExcelConverter.excelToWord(
"input/sample.xlsx",
"output/sample.docx"
);
// 示例5: HTML转PDF
System.out.println("=== 测试 HTML 转 PDF ===");
DocumentConverter.htmlToPdf(
"input/sample.html",
"output/sample.pdf"
);
// 示例6: 批量转换
System.out.println("=== 测试批量转换 ===");
DocumentConverter.batchConvert(
"input/",
"output/",
"docx",
"pdf"
);
System.out.println("所有文档转换完成！");
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("文档转换失败", e);
System.err.println("错误: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
使用说明
// 创建必要的目录结构 // src/main/java/com/example/ // │── converter/ // │ ├── DocumentConverter.java // │ └── ExcelConverter.java // ├── Main.java // └── resources/ // └── log4j2.xml // input/ 和 output/ 目录放在项目根目录 // log4j2配置 (log4j2.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration status="WARN">
<Appenders>
<Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
<PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n"/>
</Console>
<File name="File" fileName="logs/application.log">
<PatternLayout pattern="%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n"/>
</File>
</Appenders>
<Loggers>
<Root level="info">
<AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
<AppenderRef ref="File"/>
</Root>
</Loggers>
</Configuration>
这个完整的案例涵盖了：
- Word转PDF：两种方式实现
- PDF转TXT：提取PDF文本内容
- TXT转Word：文本写入Word文档
- Excel转Word：Excel数据转换到Word表格
- Excel转PDF：Excel数据呈现在PDF表格中
- HTML转PDF：HTML内容转为PDF
- 批量转换：支持批量处理
使用前请确保：
- 输入文件格式正确
- 输出目录已创建
- 文件编码为UTF-8（中文内容）
