python案例统计射门次数哪队更多？

wen python案例 2026-08-15 178

本文目录导读：

python案例统计射门次数哪队更多？

版本1：基础版（字典统计）
版本2：面向对象版（更专业）
版本3：数据可视化版（带图表）
版本4：文件处理版（从文件读取数据）
使用方法

我来提供几个不同版本的足球射门统计Python案例,从简单到复杂：

版本1：基础版（字典统计）

# 足球射门次数统计 - 基础版
def basic_shots_statistics():
    # 模拟一场比赛的射门数据
    # 每行数据格式: (球队, 球员, 是否射正)
    match_data = [
        ("主队", "球员1", True),
        ("客队", "球员A", False),
        ("主队", "球员2", True),
        ("主队", "球员3", False),
        ("客队", "球员B", True),
        ("客队", "球员C", False),
        ("主队", "球员1", True),
        ("客队", "球员A", True),
        ("主队", "球员4", False),
        ("客队", "球员B", False),
    ]
    # 统计各队射门次数
    shots = {}
    shots_on_target = {}
    for team, player, on_target in match_data:
        # 统计射门次数
        shots[team] = shots.get(team, 0) + 1
        # 统计射正次数
        if on_target:
            shots_on_target[team] = shots_on_target.get(team, 0) + 1
    # 输出结果
    print("=== 射门统计 ===")
    for team in shots:
        print(f"{team}:")
        print(f"  总射门: {shots[team]}次")
        print(f"  射正: {shots_on_target.get(team, 0)}次")
        print(f"  射偏: {shots[team] - shots_on_target.get(team, 0)}次")
        print()
    # 比较哪队射门更多
    if shots["主队"] > shots["客队"]:
        print(f"主队射门更多，多{shots['主队'] - shots['客队']}次")
    elif shots["主队"] < shots["客队"]:
        print(f"客队射门更多，多{shots['客队'] - shots['主队']}次")
    else:
        print("两队射门次数相同")
if __name__ == "__main__":
    basic_shots_statistics()

版本2：面向对象版（更专业）

import random
from collections import defaultdict
class FootballMatch:
    """足球比赛射门统计类"""
    def __init__(self, home_team="主队", away_team="客队"):
        self.home_team = home_team
        self.away_team = away_team
        self.shots_data = []
        self.team_players = {}
        self._setup_teams()
    def _setup_teams(self):
        """设置球队球员"""
        self.team_players[self.home_team] = [
            f"前锋{i}" for i in range(1, 4)
        ] + [f"中场{i}" for i in range(1, 4)] + [f"后卫{i}" for i in range(1, 4)]
        self.team_players[self.away_team] = [
            f"前锋{i}" for i in range(1, 4)
        ] + [f"中场{i}" for i in range(1, 4)] + [f"后卫{i}" for i in range(1, 4)]
    def simulate_shots(self, home_shots=15, away_shots=12):
        """模拟射门数据"""
        for team, num_shots in [(self.home_team, home_shots), 
                                (self.away_team, away_shots)]:
            for _ in range(num_shots):
                player = random.choice(self.team_players[team])
                on_target = random.random() < 0.35  # 35%射正率
                minute = random.randint(1, 90)
                self.shots_data.append({
                    'team': team,
                    'player': player,
                    'on_target': on_target,
                    'minute': minute
                })
        self.shots_data.sort(key=lambda x: x['minute'])
    def get_statistics(self):
        """获取统计数据"""
        stats = defaultdict(lambda: {'shots': 0, 'on_target': 0})
        for shot in self.shots_data:
            team = shot['team']
            stats[team]['shots'] += 1
            if shot['on_target']:
                stats[team]['on_target'] += 1
        return stats
    def display_statistics(self):
        """显示统计结果"""
        print(f"\n{'='*50}")
        print(f"比赛：{self.home_team} VS {self.away_team}")
        print(f"{'='*50}")
        stats = self.get_statistics()
        for team in [self.home_team, self.away_team]:
            team_stats = stats[team]
            print(f"\n{team}:")
            print(f"  总射门: {team_stats['shots']}次")
            print(f"  射正: {team_stats['on_target']}次")
            print(f"  射偏: {team_stats['shots']} - {team_stats['on_target']} = {team_stats['shots'] - team_stats['on_target']}次")
            print(f"  射正率: {team_stats['on_target']/team_stats['shots']*100:.1f}%")
        # 比较射门次数
        home = stats[self.home_team]['shots']
        away = stats[self.away_team]['shots']
        print(f"\n{'='*50}")
        if home > away:
            print(f"🏆 {self.home_team}射门更多，多{home-away}次")
            print(f"📊 射门比：{home} : {away}")
        elif home < away:
            print(f"🏆 {self.away_team}射门更多，多{away-home}次")
            print(f"📊 射门比：{home} : {away}")
        else:
            print("🤝 两队射门次数相同")
            print(f"📊 射门比：{home} : {away}")
        print(f"{'='*50}")
# 测试
def test_football_match():
    match = FootballMatch("巴塞罗那", "皇家马德里")
    match.simulate_shots(home_shots=15, away_shots=12)
    match.display_statistics()
    # 显示射门时间分布
    print("\n射门时间分布（前10次射门）：")
    for i, shot in enumerate(match.shots_data[:10], 1):
        target = "✓ 射正" if shot['on_target'] else "✗ 射偏"
        print(f"  {i}. {shot['minute']}分钟 - {shot['team']} - {shot['player']} - {target}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
    test_football_match()

版本3：数据可视化版（带图表）

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from collections import defaultdict
def visualize_shots_statistics():
    """带数据可视化的射门统计"""
    # 模拟数据
    matches_data = {
        "英超": [
            ("曼联", "利物浦", 14, 11),
            ("曼城", "阿森纳", 16, 13),
            ("切尔西", "热刺", 12, 15),
            ("纽卡斯尔", "维拉", 10, 8),
        ],
        "西甲": [
            ("皇马", "巴萨", 13, 16),
            ("马竞", "塞维利亚", 11, 9),
            ("皇家社会", "贝蒂斯", 9, 12),
        ],
        "意甲": [
            ("尤文", "国米", 12, 14),
            ("米兰", "那不勒斯", 15, 10),
            ("罗马", "拉齐奥", 13, 11),
        ],
    }
    # 统计数据
    teams_aggregate = defaultdict(lambda: {'shots': 0, 'matches': 0})
    league_data = defaultdict(lambda: {'total_shots': 0, 'matches': 0})
    for league, matches in matches_data.items():
        for home, away, home_shots, away_shots in matches:
            # 统计各队数据
            teams_aggregate[home]['shots'] += home_shots
            teams_aggregate[home]['matches'] += 1
            teams_aggregate[away]['shots'] += away_shots
            teams_aggregate[away]['matches'] += 1
            # 统计联赛数据
            league_data[league]['total_shots'] += home_shots + away_shots
            league_data[league]['matches'] += 1
    # 创建图表
    fig, axes = plt.subplots(2, 2, figsize=(15, 10))
    fig.suptitle('足球射门数据统计', fontsize=16)
    # 1. 各队场均射门
    ax1 = axes[0, 0]
    teams = sorted(teams_aggregate.keys(), 
                   key=lambda x: teams_aggregate[x]['shots']/teams_aggregate[x]['matches'],
                   reverse=True)
    avg_shots = [teams_aggregate[team]['shots']/teams_aggregate[team]['matches'] 
                 for team in teams]
    bars = ax1.bar(teams, avg_shots, color='skyblue', edgecolor='navy')
    ax1.set_title('各队场均射门次数', fontsize=12)
    ax1.set_ylabel('场均射门')
    ax1.set_ylim(0, max(avg_shots) + 2)
    for bar, val in zip(bars, avg_shots):
        ax1.text(bar.get_x() + bar.get_width()/2, bar.get_height() + 0.2,
                f'{val:.1f}', ha='center', va='bottom')
    # 2. 联赛总射门对比
    ax2 = axes[0, 1]
    leagues = list(league_data.keys())
    total_shots = [league_data[lg]['total_shots'] for lg in leagues]
    pie_colors = ['#ff9999', '#66b3ff', '#99ff99']
    ax2.pie(total_shots, labels=leagues, autopct='%1.1f%%',
            colors=pie_colors, startangle=90)
    ax2.set_title('各联赛总射门占比', fontsize=12)
    # 3. 单场比赛射门对比
    ax3 = axes[1, 0]
    match_names = []
    home_values = []
    away_values = []
    for league, matches in matches_data.items():
        for home, away, home_shots, away_shots in matches:
            match_names.append(f'{home[:4]} vs {away[:4]}')
            home_values.append(home_shots)
            away_values.append(away_shots)
    x = np.arange(len(match_names))
    width = 0.35
    bars1 = ax3.bar(x - width/2, home_values, width, label='主队', color='green', alpha=0.7)
    bars2 = ax3.bar(x + width/2, away_values, width, label='客队', color='red', alpha=0.7)
    ax3.set_title('各场次射门对比', fontsize=12)
    ax3.set_xticks(x)
    ax3.set_xticklabels(match_names, rotation=45, ha='right')
    ax3.set_ylabel('射门次数')
    ax3.legend()
    # 4. 射门次数分布
    ax4 = axes[1, 1]
    all_shots = []
    for league, matches in matches_data.items():
        for home, away, home_shots, away_shots in matches:
            all_shots.append(home_shots)
            all_shots.append(away_shots)
    ax4.hist(all_shots, bins=10, edgecolor='black', alpha=0.7, color='orange')
    ax4.set_title('射门次数分布', fontsize=12)
    ax4.set_xlabel('射门次数')
    ax4.set_ylabel('场次')
    plt.tight_layout()
    plt.show()
    # 输出文字统计
    print("\n=== 统计报告 ===")
    print("\n1. 场均射门排名（前5）：")
    for i, team in enumerate(teams[:5], 1):
        print(f"   {i}. {team}: {avg_shots[teams.index(team)]:.1f}次/场")
    print("\n2. 单场射门记录：")
    max_shots = max(all_shots)
    print(f"   最高单场射门：{max_shots}次")
    print("\n3. 各联赛射门总数：")
    for league in leagues:
        print(f"   {league}: {league_data[league]['total_shots']}次")
if __name__ == "__main__":
    visualize_shots_statistics()

版本4：文件处理版（从文件读取数据）

import csv
import json
from collections import defaultdict
def read_data_from_file(file_path):
    """从文件读取射门数据"""
    shots_data = []
    if file_path.endswith('.csv'):
        with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            reader = csv.DictReader(f)
            for row in reader:
                shots_data.append(row)
    elif file_path.endswith('.json'):
        with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            shots_data = json.load(f)
    else:
        raise ValueError("不支持的文件格式，请使用.csv或.json")
    return shots_data
def analyze_shots_from_file(file_path):
    """分析文件中的射门数据"""
    try:
        shots_data = read_data_from_file(file_path)
        # 统计各队射门
        team_stats = defaultdict(lambda: {'shots': 0, 'on_target': 0})
        for shot in shots_data:
            team = shot['team']
            team_stats[team]['shots'] += 1
            if shot.get('on_target', False):
                team_stats[team]['on_target'] += 1
        # 输出结果
        print(f"\n从文件 {file_path} 读取到 {len(shots_data)} 条射门记录")
        print("\n=== 射门统计结果 ===")
        teams = list(team_stats.keys())
        if len(teams) >= 2:
            team1, team2 = teams[0], teams[1]
            if team_stats[team1]['shots'] > team_stats[team2]['shots']:
                print(f"🏆 {team1}射门更多，共{team_stats[team1]['shots']}次")
            elif team_stats[team1]['shots'] < team_stats[team2]['shots']:
                print(f"🏆 {team2}射门更多，共{team_stats[team2]['shots']}次")
            else:
                print("两队射门次数相同")
        return team_stats
    except FileNotFoundError:
        print(f"错误：文件 {file_path} 不存在")
        return None
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"读取文件时出错：{e}")
        return None
# 创建示例数据文件
def create_sample_data():
    """创建示例数据文件"""
    sample_data = [
        {"team": "主队", "player": "前锋1", "on_target": True, "minute": 15},
        {"team": "客队", "player": "前锋A", "on_target": False, "minute": 23},
        {"team": "主队", "player": "中场2", "on_target": False, "minute": 35},
        {"team": "客队", "player": "前锋B", "on_target": True, "minute": 42},
        {"team": "主队", "player": "前锋1", "on_target": True, "minute": 58},
        {"team": "客队", "player": "中场C", "on_target": False, "minute": 66},
        {"team": "主队", "player": "后卫3", "on_target": False, "minute": 74},
        {"team": "客队", "player": "前锋A", "on_target": True, "minute": 82},
        {"team": "主队", "player": "前锋2", "on_target": False, "minute": 85},
        {"team": "客队", "player": "前锋B", "on_target": True, "minute": 90},
    ]
    # 保存为JSON
    with open('shots_data.json', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        json.dump(sample_data, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
    print("已创建示例数据文件：shots_data.json")
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 创建示例数据
    create_sample_data()
    # 分析数据
    stats = analyze_shots_from_file('shots_data.json')
    if stats:
        print("\n详细统计：")
        for team, data in stats.items():
            print(f"  {team}: 射门{data['shots']}次，射正{data['on_target']}次")