本文目录导读：
我来为您提供一个自动填写并提交工单的Python脚本示例,这个脚本使用Selenium来模拟浏览器操作。
基础示例
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
import time
def auto_fill_ticket():
# 初始化浏览器
driver = webdriver.Chrome() # 确保已安装chromedriver
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
try:
# 1. 打开工单系统
driver.get("https://example-ticket-system.com/login")
# 2. 登录（如果需要）
username = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "username")))
username.send_keys("your_username")
password = driver.find_element(By.ID, "password")
password.send_keys("your_password")
login_btn = driver.find_element(By.ID, "login-btn")
login_btn.click()
# 等待登录完成
time.sleep(2)
# 3. 点击创建工单按钮
create_ticket_btn = wait.until(
EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//button[contains(text(), '创建工单')]"))
)
create_ticket_btn.click()
# 4. 填写工单表单
# 标题
title_input = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "title")))
title_input.send_keys("自动创建的测试工单")
# 描述
description = driver.find_element(By.ID, "description")
description.send_keys("这是通过自动化脚本创建的工单\n用于测试自动提交功能")
# 优先级选择
priority_select = Select(driver.find_element(By.ID, "priority"))
priority_select.select_by_visible_text("普通") # 或 '紧急', '高', '低'
# 分类选择
category_select = Select(driver.find_element(By.ID, "category"))
category_select.select_by_visible_text("技术支持")
# 上传附件（如果需要）
try:
file_input = driver.find_element(By.NAME, "attachment")
file_input.send_keys("/path/to/your/file.txt")
except:
pass # 无附件上传字段
# 5. 提交工单
submit_btn = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//button[@type='submit']")
submit_btn.click()
# 6. 验证提交成功
success_msg = wait.until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, "success-message"))
)
print(f"工单提交成功: {success_msg.text}")
except Exception as e:
print(f"提交失败: {str(e)}")
# 截图保存现场
driver.save_screenshot("error_screenshot.png")
finally:
# 关闭浏览器
driver.quit()
if __name__ == "__main__":
auto_fill_ticket()
更高级的版本（带配置和数据文件）
配置文件 config.py
# 工单系统配置 LOGIN_URL = "https://example.com/login" TICKET_URL = "https://example.com/tickets/new" # 登录信息 USERNAME = "your_username" PASSWORD = "your_password" # 浏览器配置 BROWSER_TYPE = "chrome" # chrome 或 firefox HEADLESS = False # 是否无头模式
数据文件 tickets_data.json
[
{
"title": "网络连接问题",
"description": "办公室网络频繁断开，影响正常工作",
"priority": "紧急",
"category": "网络故障",
"department": "技术部",
"contact": "张三"
},
{
"title": "软件安装请求",
"description": "需要在电脑上安装Adobe Photoshop软件",
"priority": "普通",
"category": "软件安装",
"department": "设计部",
"contact": "李四"
}
]
完整脚本 ticket_automation.py
import json
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options as ChromeOptions
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options as FirefoxOptions
import config
import time
import logging
# 配置日志
logging.basicConfig(
level=logging.INFO,
format='%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'
)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
class TicketAutomation:
def __init__(self):
self.driver = None
self.wait = None
self.config = config
def init_browser(self):
"""初始化浏览器"""
if self.config.BROWSER_TYPE.lower() == "chrome":
options = ChromeOptions()
if self.config.HEADLESS:
options.add_argument("--headless")
self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
else:
options = FirefoxOptions()
if self.config.HEADLESS:
options.add_argument("--headless")
self.driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=options)
self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10)
def login(self):
"""登录系统"""
try:
self.driver.get(self.config.LOGIN_URL)
# 填写登录信息
username = self.wait.until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "username"))
)
username.send_keys(self.config.USERNAME)
password = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "password")
password.send_keys(self.config.PASSWORD)
# 点击登录
login_btn = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "login-btn")
login_btn.click()
# 等待登录完成
time.sleep(2)
logger.info("登录成功")
return True
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"登录失败: {str(e)}")
return False
def create_ticket(self, ticket_data):
"""创建单个工单"""
try:
# 进入创建工单页面
self.driver.get(self.config.TICKET_URL)
# 填写标题
title = self.wait.until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "title"))
)
title.send_keys(ticket_data['title'])
# 填写描述
description = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "description")
description.send_keys(ticket_data['description'])
# 选择优先级
priority = Select(self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "priority"))
priority.select_by_visible_text(ticket_data['priority'])
# 选择分类
category = Select(self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "category"))
category.select_by_visible_text(ticket_data['category'])
# 选择部门
department = Select(self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "department"))
department.select_by_visible_text(ticket_data['department'])
# 填写联系人
contact = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "contact")
contact.clear()
contact.send_keys(ticket_data['contact'])
# 提交
submit_btn = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//button[@type='submit']")
submit_btn.click()
# 验证
time.sleep(1)
if "成功" in self.driver.page_source or "提交成功" in self.driver.page_source:
logger.info(f"工单 [{ticket_data['title']}] 创建成功")
return True
else:
logger.warning(f"工单 [{ticket_data['title']}] 可能创建失败")
return False
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"创建工单失败: {str(e)}")
return False
def batch_create_tickets(self, tickets_file="tickets_data.json"):
"""批量创建工单"""
try:
with open(tickets_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
tickets_data = json.load(f)
success_count = 0
total_count = len(tickets_data)
for ticket in tickets_data:
if self.create_ticket(ticket):
success_count += 1
time.sleep(1) # 避免请求过快
logger.info(f"批量创建完成: 成功 {success_count}/{total_count}")
except FileNotFoundError:
logger.error(f"数据文件 {tickets_file} 不存在")
except json.JSONDecodeError:
logger.error(f"数据文件格式错误")
def run(self):
"""运行自动化流程"""
try:
self.init_browser()
if self.login():
self.batch_create_tickets()
else:
logger.error("登录失败，无法继续")
finally:
if self.driver:
self.driver.quit()
if __name__ == "__main__":
auto = TicketAutomation()
auto.run()
使用说明
安装依赖
pip install selenium
下载并安装浏览器驱动
- Chrome: ChromeDriver
- Firefox: GeckoDriver
运行脚本
python ticket_automation.py
注意事项
- 元素定位：根据实际页面修改HTML元素的ID、类名或XPath
- 等待时间：根据网络情况调整等待时间
- 反爬措施：某些系统可能有验证码或反自动化措施
- 隐私安全：不要将密码硬编码，建议使用环境变量
- 合规使用：确保自动化行为符合网站服务条款
处理验证码（如果需要）
def handle_captcha(self):
"""处理验证码（简化示例）"""
try:
# 方式1：等待手动输入
input("请手动输入验证码后按回车...")
# 方式2：使用OCR识别（需要安装tesserocr）
# from PIL import Image
# captcha_img = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "captcha")
# captcha_img.screenshot("captcha.png")
# captcha_text = image_to_string(Image.open("captcha.png"))
# captcha_input = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "captcha-input")
# captcha_input.send_keys(captcha_text)
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"验证码处理失败: {str(e)}")
这个脚本提供了完整的自动化填写和提交工单的功能,您可以根据实际需求进行调整和扩展。
